The endopeptidases ECS1 and ECS2 regulate double fertilization and their modulation is a powerful tool for the induction of haploids and the formation of triparental plants, which are two agronomically relevant breeding targets.

The first genetic compelling evidence for post-meiotic DNA double-strand breaks and its relation to chromatin remodeling in haploid pronuclei is shown.

The ancestral mechanism to activate diploid gene expression via homeodomain transcription factors was retained in liverworts, an early diverging land plant lineage, and subsequently co-opted during evolution of the diploid sporophyte body.

Dosage-compensated gene expression facilitates chromosomal aneuploidy, which presents a rapid route to phenotypic evolution in natural yeast isolates.

New complex traits can evolve through the elimination of genes in multiple unrelated pathways, rather than through the creation of new gene functions.

Mating phenotypes are diverse in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the natural variation can impact the spread of wtf meiotic drivers.

Upon DNA damage, Rad52 forms a membraneless sub-compartment where Rad52 molecules are highly dynamic and share properties with liquid-liquid phase-separated molecules, reflecting the existence of a liquid droplet around damaged DNA.

TALE homeodomain transcription factors have been independently recruited to regulate gametophyte to sporophyte transitions in two complex multicellular eukaryotic supergroups, land plants in Archaeplastida and brown algae in Chromalveolata.

The establishment of Ustilago bromivora and Brachypodium as a biotrophic model system provides the foundation for studying new aspects of plant-pathogen interactions and for answering questions about fungal sex and speciation.

Fungi that produce mushrooms have a unique life cycle with two haploid nuclei, instead of a diploid nucleus, this allows additional matings and selection at the level of the nucleus, even with a fitness trade-off.