scRNA-seq identified CXCR4^high MKs can funtionally regulate host-defense immune response against bacterial infection.

Cooperation between evolutionarily disparate CRISPR-Cas modules allows bacteria to counter mutational escape by viruses.

Defense-related selective autophagy mediated by the antimicrobial autophagy cargo receptor NBR1/Joka2 is diverted to pathogen penetration sites to restrict plant colonization by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans.

Specialized fungal pathogen populations infect rice varieties with contrasting immune systems co-cultivated in a traditional agro-system, indicating the relevance of crop diversity to restricting epidemics in the landscape.

To effectively ward off some of the most damaging groups of filamentous pathogens, plants rely on an evolutionarily conserved syntaxin function to block the pathogen from entering the host cell and proliferate.

A phosphorylation circuitry balancing among kinase, transcription factor, transcription repressor, and phosphatase in response against host immunity during M. oryzae–rice interaction.

Bacterial Type IV restriction-modification systems display remarkable, previously unnoticed diversity of complex gene and domain architectures, and are predicted to couple antiphage immunity with the abortive infection form of defense.

Structural and biochemical analysis of a protein called Ecp6, which is produced by a tomato fungus, reveals how the protein prevents plants from launching an immune response to the chitin in fungal cell walls.

Genetic and molecular characterization showed that evolutionarily conserved flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO-2) plays an important role in host defense in Caenorhabditis elegans, and its induction is dependent on conserved transcription factors, TFEB and PPAR-α.

Malaria remodels the spleen to imprint tolerance and reduce pathology in subsequent infections.