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An innovative strategy in genome analysis has generated a detailed description of how pathogens mutate when facing human genetic diversity.

Inflammatory monocytes carry live Mycobacteria from the lung to draining lymph nodes and acquire many characteristics of dendritic cells but fail to stimulate proliferation of CD4 T cells.

The major evolutionary routes to drug resistance in Salmonella Typhi are associated with fitness benefits, not fitness costs, implying that prudent antimicrobial use will have no effect as a public health intervention in controlling typhoid fever.

The transcriptional regulator BZR1 acts as a molecular integrator of environmental cues regulating the trade-off between growth and innate immunity.

The T cell repertoire can display immunodominance to an epitope as a result of optimal positive selection in the thymus by one self-peptide/MHC ligand.

A fungal effector secreted by the corn smut pathogen increases the virulence of the pathogen by elevating anthocyanin production and reducing lignification in maize.

Modern research in ecology draws upon a wide range of different techniques and can offer fresh insights on how to tackle a range of challenges facing the natural world.

Mitochondrial anti-viral signaling proteins form three-stranded helical filaments in launching innate immune responses against RNA viruses.

Both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria can use their sheathed flagella during host colonization as a novel toxin-/signal-delivery mechanism.