A new agent-based model enables predicting how coral species richness and functional diversity affect the functioning and resilience of coral reef ecosystems.

A nightshade family gene cluster creates phenotypic novelty in trichome defensive metabolites via evolution of lipid metabolic enzymes.

Evidence suggests that the oskar gene, a critical germ line determinant in insects, was formed by fusion of bacterial and eukaryotic sequences at least 450 million years ago.

Genomic data for the parasites that cause visceral leishmaniasis provides the first global picture of the diversity and evolution of the pathogen and the epidemiology of this fatal tropical disease.

Mitochondrial inner membrane translocation of presequence-containing proteins by the single bifunctional TIM complex of T. brucei requires an non-canonical J domain-containing protein.

Genetic and proteomic screening with Wolbachia's CidB enzyme reveal the mechanisms and targets of cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI).

Environmental transmission is atypical of symbionts that have undergone genome degradation, yet genetically reduced deep-sea anglerfish symbionts likely persist in the deep sea biome in search of a new host.

Apicomplexan-like parasites originated several times independently and many of them contain cryptic plastid organelles, which demonstrate that the parasites evolved from photosynthetic algae.

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) analysis in polyextremophile red algae (Cyanidiales) provides explanations for the nonexistence of cumulative effects and eukaryotic pangenomes, and highlights differences between HGT and native genes.

Diversification of a conserved cholesterol binder drives functional replacement of cholesterol with symbiont-produced sterols in corals living in nutrient-poor environments.