The ancestor of all known jawed vertebrates possessed a maxilla and premaxilla and was similar in morphology to the 'maxillate placoderms' from China.

Stunning new scan data of an enigmatic fish from the Early Devonian of Australia, Ligulalepis, is identified as a stem osteichthyan, specifically, as the sister taxon to the 'psarolepids' plus crown osteichthyans.

The production of a single-cell atlas for developing syngnathid fish permits study of their unique traits.

It is shown that the absence of the centrosome protein ninein provokes premature ossification during mouse development, due to a defect in the fusion of precursor cells into syncytial osteoclasts.

Three-dimensional digital reconstruction shows the temporal and palatal regions of stemward avialans are evolutionarily and functionally conservative, and the mixture of plesiomorphic cranial morphologies together with derived postcranial skeleton manifests the key role of mosaicism in early bird diversification.

Observational field analyses demonstrate that within a species, variation in animal weapon size corresponds to individual differences in the costs and benefits of weaponry.

Genetic studies in the mouse provide a blueprint of the embryonic origins of neck muscles originating from cranial and somitic mesoderm, as well as associated connective tissue.

Tbx1-Isl1-Met defines a unique genetic hierarchy that regulates esophagus myogenesis and patterning in the mouse.

Zebrafish have lubricated joints similar to ours and are a tractable model for arthritis research.

An extracellular proteolytic pathway involving the serine protease HtrA1, its inhibitor SerpinE2, and the transmembrane proteoglycan Syndecan-4 control collective migration of neural crest cells in the developing embryo.