Population mutation rates are highly flexible and evolvable under extreme stress conditions, matching changes in selective pressure to avoid extinction of the entire population.
Eukaryotic pathogens, like Cryptococcus deuterogattii, can use elevated mutation rates to more rapidly adapt to stresses, such as drug challenges, but at the cost of lower fitness in less stressful environments.
USP49 can increase A3G protein expression and enhance its anti-HIV-1 activity, which is also correlated with hypermutations and affects the HIV-1 latent reservoir.
Extended somatic hypermutation and clonal evolution associated with antibody neutralization breath in HIV controllers with low plasma viral loads provide promise for HIV vaccine development.
Atypical memory B cells (MBCs) appear to differentiate from classical MBCs during chronic exposure to the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, and may interfere with the acquisition of immunity to the disease.
Action-value signals previously found in many brain areas can be accounted for neither by concurrent serial correlations in neural activity and action value nor by signals for other decision variables.
Antibody paratopes can be added to the human repertoire by CRISPR-Cas9 editing of B lymphocytes using a strategy that allows for hypermutation and class switching of resulting B cell receptors.
Identification of viral and host determinants of broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting a new epitope on dengue virus that can be used to guide vaccine design.
Individual differences in intelligence are based on information processing that is embedded in fine-scale structure in cortical systems for self-generated thought, which was revealed by resolving topographic idiosyncrasies with hyperalignment.
