Models that generate tandem alignments of cell polarities are more readily compatible with the formation of PIN1 polarity patterns in plant leaf buds than the most widely accepted “up-the-gradient” model.

Recent findings about the possible intercellular signalling role of glutamate, GABA, and melatonin might help to establish hypotheses concerning the evolutionary factors that caused intercellular organisms to use specific molecules in intercellular signalling.

MreB filaments bind, orient, and move along the direction of greatest membrane curvature, thus orienting the insertion of new glycan strands around the cell circumference in a manner that may help establish and maintain rod shape.

Identification of two arbuscular mycorrhiza-specific lipid biosynthesis mutants and fatty acid transfer experiments reveal that host plant lipids are transferred to symbiotic fungi and needed for their development.

Fluorescent sensors for the hormone abscisic acid have been developed using a high-throughput platform, and used to monitor hormone dynamics in plant roots and leaves.

A plant autophagy pathway transports chloroplast stroma and envelope components into the vacuole through the division and encapsulation of the site of chloroplasts that is associated with developing autophagosome.

Topoisomerase VI selectively catalyzes strand passage of DNA molecules juxtaposed at close to a right angle, which explains the observed chiral-dependent activity and preferential DNA decatenation versus supercoil relaxation.