Secretion of the inflammatory cytokine TNF requires a protein called iTAP/FrmD8, which controls the cell surface stability of the TNF shedding machinery, iRhom2 and TACE/ADAM17.

The protein FRMD8 binds to iRhom and thereby stabilises the iRhom/ADAM17 complex, which is the primary trigger of inflammatory signalling.

The iRhom2 protein, a catalytically inactive relative of rhomboid proteases, controls inflammation and growth factor signalling by acting as an essential multifunctional regulatory subunit of the cell surface shedding protease TACE (ADAM17).

Contrary to the high absolute number of white-eyes in other parts of the world, the Indonesian archipelago is the center of phylogenetic diversity of this great speciator.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in yeast activates not only the UPR but also Rpn4, promoting the clearance of misfolded proteins from the cytosol as part of a modular cross-compartment stress response.