Antigenic drift in influenza’s major surface proteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, contributes to variability in epidemic magnitude across seasons but is less influential than subtype interference in shaping annual outbreaks.

Broader global access to Paxlovid, coupled with appropriately timed treatment, can mitigate the severity and transmission of SARS-Cov-2 as the virus and the landscape of immunity continue to evolve.

The number of sporozoites expelled by mosquitoes that are infected with lab-cultured or naturally circulating Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes is heterogeneous and associated with the sporozoite load in their salivary glands.

An experimental animal model provides further insights into the host and viral mechanisms underlying airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

The optimal allocation strategy prioritizes funding to high-transmission settings in sub-Saharan Africa, but highlights a trade-off between reducing clinical malaria burden and reducing the global population at risk of malaria.