Deep and comprehensive proteomic resource of human intervertebral disc at high spatial resolution with a methodological flow reveals new insights in disc homeostasis and degeneration.

A novel IVDD mechanism that involves p16 is demonstrated and theoretical evidence is provided for effective methods to downregulate p16 and so reverse IVDD.

Targeting senescent cells in human intervertebral discs, using senotherapeutics, provides a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or reduce disc degeneration and pain.

Depleting senescent osteoclasts using the senolytic drug Navitoclax (ABT263) can reduce sensory innervation in the endplate and attenuate low back pain, thus representing a potent therapy for treating spinal pain.

The regulation of the biomechanical properties of tendons/ligaments is essential for the maintenance of spine alignment in the mouse.

Wound-specific notochord sheath cell subpopulations associate with notochord repair and adult vertebrae formation.

Single-cell combined spatial transcriptomics provides the molecular foundation for investigating how ligamental cell identities, biochemical functions, and interactions contributed to the ligamental degeneration process.

A single-cell transcriptome atlas reveals meniscal microenvironment variations during degeneration and cellular heterogeneity foundations of the inner–outer zone differences, suggesting novel cell subtypes as potential therapeutic targets.