Retrograde tracing of the neural circuits that control movement of the jaw and tongue reveals how shared premotor neurons help to ensure coordinated muscle activity.
Acute intermittent hypoxia is a noninvasive approach that enhances corticospinal function in humans, likely through alterations in corticospinal-motoneuronal synaptic transmission.
Neuronal participation in generation of motor patterns in the spinal circuits is lognormal, which is an indication of a rich diversity of activity within the mean-driven as well as the fluctuation-driven regimes.
Analysis of embryonic mouse diaphragm reveals muscle and nerve left–right asymmetries set by a Nodal-dependent genetic cascade, which imprints different molecular signatures to left and right motoneurons that shape their innervation pattern.
Contrary to a long-standing hypothesis, the neuronal death that leads to muscle wastage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis does not result from overactivity of those neurons during development.
Gene expression asymmetries in fetal spinal cord are triggered by epigenetic mechanisms suggesting that handedness has a spinal instead of a cortical origin.
C. elegans exhibits two distinct behavioural macro-states, active and quiet wakefulness, and protein kinase A regulates switching between these two states.
A new probabilistic model of connectivity reveals the structural and functional properties of the neural networks controlling locomotion in many individual tadpoles.
