One-quarter of the Chondrichthyes have an elevated risk of extinction, mainly as a result of overfishing.

A protein called SIR-2.1 helps to protect worms from the effects of aging by regulating metabolic processes that would otherwise generate damaging reactive oxygen species.

Shigella flexneri, globally the most frequent cause of bacterial dysentery, is far more diverse, and has caused disease around the world for far longer than other Shigella species by persisting in local environments over extended timescales.

A model based on empirical parameter estimates predicts that arresting cancer cell growth by less than 1% per day will produce optimal outcomes in preventing life-threatening cancers, and that such preventive measures are generally more successful than post-diagnostic interventions.

Indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, alters the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and the intestinal microbiota affect the pharmacokinetics of indomethacin.

Children with a parent of cancer have a higher rate of hospital contact for injury, especially immediately after the cancer diagnosis.

RNA sequencing of the African clawed frog has identified hundreds of putative direct Six1 and Eya1 target genes, including transcriptional regulators of neuronal progenitors and neuronal/sensory differentiation.

The transcription factor steroidogenic factor-1 in the hypothalamus is required for adaptive metabolic responses to exercise training.

By modelling organisms that alternate between individual and colonial lifestyles, the well-known Parrondo's paradox can emerge in an ecological setting without the need for stochastic environmental variation.

The complex chromatin-based genomic regulatory system controlling developmental gene expression in complex bilaterians predates the evolution of morphological complexity and may have been a prerequisite for the evolution of the first simple multicellular animals.