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The experiences that are most rewarding at the time are not necessarily those that are remembered long-term.

Realistic reaction-diffusion signaling networks that include cell-autonomous factors can robustly form self-organizing spatial patterns for any combination of diffusion coefficients without requiring differential diffusivity.

Spontaneous and visually evoked neuronal ensembles in mouse visual cortex can last for weeks, potentially supporting the long-lasting representation of perceptions and memories.

A recurrent reward circuit in Drosophila, comprised of specific dopamine neurons and a single class of mushroom body output neurons, transforms a nascent memory trace into a stable long-term memory.

Outward calcium ion currents desensitize the human PKD2-L1 ion channel via a mechanism that is independent of cytosolic motifs.

An early start to long-term antiretroviral therapy limits the size of the HIV-1 reservoir more effectively than treatment that starts later.

Retinoic acid signaling from Muller glia is necessary for cone photoreceptor survival in the peripheral retina and is sufficient to promote cone survival in the central retina during retinal degeneration.

The combination of short-term and long-term plasticity enables hippocampus to learn goal-directed paths through replay in a reversed order.

A long-term multi-organ co-culture system coupled with quantitative imaging to visualize blood cell cycle progression, analyze polarized blood cell mitosis, and track blood cell differentiation kinetics during Drosophila hematopoiesis in homeostatic condition and following infection.

Closed-loop pairing of taste stimuli with optogenetic activation of neurons encoding either reward or punishment reveals that flies can form both appetitive and aversive taste memories that impact their future behavioral responses to tastes.