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    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Exploring chromosomal structural heterogeneity across multiple cell lines

    Ryan R Cheng, Vinicius G Contessoto ... Jose N Onuchic
    Chromosomal structural ensembles are fluid yet are cell-type-specific, despite apparent disorder, appropriate collective variables uncover evidence of structural transitions associated with gene activity and cell differentiation.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Thousands of novel translated open reading frames in humans inferred by ribosome footprint profiling

    Anil Raj, Sidney H Wang ... Jonathan K Pritchard
    Over 7,000 novel translated sequences have been identified from human cells, including several hundred in annotated noncoding RNA, pseudogenes and de novo assembled transcripts.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation

    B cells suppress medullary granulopoiesis by an extracellular glycosylation-dependent mechanism

    Eric E Irons, Melissa M Lee-Sundlov ... Joseph TY Lau
    B cells regulate production of neutrophils by a novel mechanism by releasing ST6Gal-1, an active sialyltransferase, that suppresses granulopoiesis.
    1. Cancer Biology

    MYC activation and BCL2L11 silencing by a tumour virus through the large-scale reconfiguration of enhancer-promoter hubs

    C David Wood, Hildegonda Veenstra ... Michelle J West
    Epstein-Barr virus controls B-cell growth and survival through large-scale reorganization of the enhancers of the MYC and BCL2L11 genes, and may promote MYC translocations as a result.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A sex-specific evolutionary interaction between ADCY9 and CETP

    Isabel Gamache, Marc-André Legault ... Julie Hussin
    Genomics-based evidence support population- and sex-specific selection of an epistatic interaction between genetic variants in ADCY9 and CETP, genes of pharmacogenetic importance in cardiovascular diseases.
    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Transcription-coupled genetic instability marks acute lymphoblastic leukemia structural variation hotspots

    Merja Heinäniemi, Tapio Vuorenmaa ... Olli Lohi
    Convergent transcription and stalling of transcription are enriched at DNA breakpoints found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and associate with DNA structures and sequences that mediate genetic instability.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Local adaptation and archaic introgression shape global diversity at human structural variant loci

    Stephanie M Yan, Rachel M Sherman ... Rajiv C McCoy
    Graph genotyping of structural variation in diverse human populations reveals functional associations and signatures of local adaptation within poorly resolved regions of the genome.
    1. Evolutionary Biology

    Free-living human cells reconfigure their chromosomes in the evolution back to uni-cellularity

    Jin Xu, Xinxin Peng ... Chung-I Wu
    Human cell lines regress to become ‘de-sexualized’ by reconfiguring to a 2:3 X/A ratio of high fitness, thus shedding light on the evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes.
    1. Neuroscience

    Impaired ABCA1/ABCG1-mediated lipid efflux in the mouse retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) leads to retinal degeneration

    Federica Storti, Katrin Klee ... Christian Grimm
    Lipid efflux by the retinal pigment epithelium is crucial for proper retinal integrity and function, and its impairment may contribute to diseases like age-related macular degeneration.
    1. Cancer Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Functional and mutational landscapes of BRCA1 for homology-directed repair and therapy resistance

    Rachel W Anantha, Srilatha Simhadri ... Bing Xia
    Systematic analyses of natural variants and artificial mutants establish functional landscapes of BRCA1 for homology-directed repair (HDR) and therapy resistance and identify the BRCA1-PALB2 interaction as a key control point for HDR pathway choice.