Operonic mRNAs in bacteria are comprised of ORF (open reading frame)-wide units of secondary structure, which are intrinsically distinct between adjacent ORFs and encode a rough blueprint for ORF-specific translation efficiency.
ME31B is a general repressor of gene expression in the Drosophila early embryo, repressing translation before the maternal-to-zygotic transition and stimulating mRNA decay after activation of the zygotic genome.
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is required to stabilize the binding of mRNA at the exit channel of the small ribosomal subunit and acts at the entry channel to accelerate mRNA recruitment to the translation preinitiation complex.
The ES6S region of the small subunit ribosome makes a place for the threading and secondary structure unwinding of mRNA, which regulates genome-wide translation.
During initiation factor-independent RNA structure-driven translation initiation, a flexible RNA element drives the movement of a viral IRES through the ribosome's tRNA binding sites and promotes tRNA binding.
Interactions of eIF4A and eIF4E with specific amino-acids in the N-terminal domain of DEAD-box helicase Ded1 enhance bulk polysome assembly and translation of reporter mRNAs with structured leaders in vivo.
In fruit flies, maternally deposited RNA-binding proteins are removed during the maternal-to-zygotic transition via a mechanism of translational upregulation of Kondo, the key E2 enzyme, at egg activation.
Experimental evolution and systematic sequence analysis of transfer RNA genes reveal that anticodon mutations provide adaptive plasticity to the translation machinery.
The spatial regulation of gene expression within neurons occurs primarily at the level of local translation rather than by stimulus-induced RNA targeting from nucleus to synapse.
