Effect of CCL2 on HIV-1 replication is mediated by mobilization of ALIX from F-actin leading to enhanced virion release and improved fitness and this requires the Gag late motif, LYPX.

Human blood contains T cell-monocyte complexes which are not technical artefacts but reflect true in vivo immune cell interactions.

Combination of stem cell engineering and CRISPR technologies created a facile method to genetically manipulate macrophages, a multifunctional cell type that plays critical roles in immunity, cancer, and tissue homeostasis.

To protect their food and themselves against detrimental mould fungi, the eggs of a wasp species synthesize and emit remarkable amounts of gaseous nitrogen oxides that are highly effective antimicrobials.

SAA removes toxic products of lipolysis of the cell membrane by sPLA₂, indicating that SAA and sPLA₂ act synergistically to clear debris from injured sites, as required for tissue healing.

Live cell imaging shows that the cAMP-sensor Epac2, a target of major antidiabetic drugs, is central to fusion pore control during insulin granule exocytosis.

Inside the acidic vacuole, expression, DNA binding and DNA binding affinity of the Salmonella regulator SsrB is stimulated by acid pH.

Molecular biosignatures that identify an inflammatory and potentially adverse reaction to vaccination have been defined in mice, a critical gatekeeper for progression of novel vaccine candidates into humans.

This four-DNA methylation signature demonstrates potential as a novel independent prognostic indicator for risk-stratifying patients with CM.