Reward and information are independently optimized in the human prefrontal cortex, while their signals combine in subcortical regions.

Regulatory success operates by goal-consistent increases and decreases of distinct attribute representations in generic neural hubs and in domain-specific brain regions, explaining when and why regulatory success generalizes across domains and contexts.

A cross-cultural study of reading acquisition and reading irmpairment reveals the invariance of the neural correlates of reading across cultures.

In astrocytes, there exists an intrinsic spatial threshold of subcellular calcium levels that triggers an astrocyte calcium surge throughout the cell, demonstrating cellular astrocyte calcium integration of time and space.

A physics-based, statistically rigorous mathematical model enables automated, objective interpretation of images from single-molecule fluorescence colocalization microscopy experiments.

Computational modeling shows how neural mechanisms for mitigating biological constraints (such as neurons’ limited firing range) may eventually result in complex though predictable irrational behavior.

Children with autism often 'tune out' the voices in their environment and new results show that impaired processing of voices in the brain's reward system may underlie this social behavior.

Two-photon in vivo calcium imaging reveals short time-scale, synchronous and sparse population activity in dentate gyrus that replays place-related information, and is important for formation of dentate-dependent spatial memory.

Genome-wide analysis reveals novel functions for a post-translational modification to the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II in mammals.

Evidence for a largely unexplored radiation of squamates (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) in the Middle to Late Jurassic is revealed by analyses of morphospace expansion, disparity, and evolutionary rates.