Recent functional changes in ancient duplicate genes led to the evolution of divergent regulatory and metabolic strategies by the GALactose gene networks of two yeast species.

The roundworm C. elegans transcriptionally activates five genes comprising an alternate propionate breakdown pathway when dietary vitamin B12 is low or when the canonical pathway is compromised.

A novel metabolic network analysis method enables large-scale computational predictions of biosynthetic capabilities across the human oral microbiome, revealing a unique cluster of fastidious microorganisms and potential metabolic interdependencies.

Rat brains mature to increase metabolic connectivity between network components and establish energy efficiency in the midline structures from childhood to early adulthood.

Simultaneously measuring the transcriptomes of both a host plant and fungal pathogen, co-transcriptomics, identified diverse, dynamic and independent communication mechanisms conveying information between the two organisms via discrete gene modules.

A long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli shows that the appearance and optimization of a new trait can require both co-opting existing cellular pathways for new roles and reversing a history of previous adaptation.

Constraint-based modelling predicts C4 photosynthesis evolves under resource limitation from an ancestral ground state of C3 photosynthesis and attributes divergent metabolic routes in extant C4 subtypes to light.

In a consumer-resource model obeying the physical requirement of flux conservation, metabolic competition between microbes yields consortia of cell types that collectively resist invasion via optimal use of resources.

Metabolomics and stable isotope labelling studies of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveal a de-centralised metabolic network able to utilise various amino acids as nitrogen sources to a better extent than ammonium.