The molecular mechanisms by which midbrain dopamine neurons acquire the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA for synaptic release are revealed.

Zebrin-positive cerebellar Purkinje cells fire at lower frequencies than zebrin-negative cells, indicating that cerebellar circuits are not physiologically homogeneous.

Cells within the retina synchronize transmitter release across their output synapses in the dark, reducing the impact of noise generated at these synapses and allowing light-dependent signals to be transmitted with minimal added synaptic noise.

Drep-2 is the first representative of the evolutionary conserved CIDE-N protein family found at synapses and is required for associative learning by functionally intersecting with metabotropic signaling.

The rapid antidepressant actions of low dose ketamine occur through the direct relief of suppression of protein synthesis via antagonism of a subset of NMDA receptors containing the GluN2B subunit.

Adjusting key parameters of the synaptic transmission at a single defined synapse of the visual circuit can affect properties of this circuit and animal behavior.

There are at least two separate pathways for AMPA receptor recycling, which are regulated by synaptic activity.

The cellular and molecular substrates that underlie the programmed behavioral response to a gustatory sex pheromone have been identified.

Immature and mature granule cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus show differing responses to physiologically relevant stimuli, with immature cells better at encoding stimulus frequency and mature cells better at encoding stimulus onset.

Individual neurons can adjust the strength of their synapses by using spontaneous calcium influx through NMDA receptors to trigger the release of additional calcium from intracellular stores, which can in turn be used to regulate protein synthesis.