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An ancient and conserved genetic mechanism for cell differentiation is under distinct negative regulation in different lineages of land plants.

Genetic and biochemical analyses reveal that two stem-cell-specific microRNAs control stem cell fate decisions between pluripotency and differentiation through repressing Ago2, a key component of the microRNA machinery.

The miR-34/449 family is abundantly expressed in the central nervous system, and fine-tunes optimal numbers of spinal interneurons to ensure sensory-motor circuit outputs.

A novel EAE model featuring cortical lesions and an autoimmune heterogeneity, two key parameters missing in the classical model, allows for insights in disease pathogenesis.

A broadly used gene expression regulatory mechanism inactivates targets by CED-3-caspase-mediated proteolysis and works in parallel to miRNAs for diverse non-apoptotic developmental functions.

miR-306 and miR-79 selectively eliminate JNK-activated tumors, providing a new microRNA-based strategy against cancer.

Retrotransposon-derived messenger RNA plays a critical role in rice root development via sequestration of miR171, which suggests a novel trans-acting regulation by transposable elements.

MicroRNAs stimulate the decay of targeted mRNAs while they are associated with translating ribosomes.

miR-125 functions as a potential dietary restriction mimetic by promoting longevity through regulation of fat metabolism.

MicroRNA-218 is required in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons of the developing hippocampus to regulate intrinsic and network excitability.