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The growth of wild Drosophila larvae on fruits is promoted by a yeast releasing essential nutrients extracellularly or by a stable association with a nutrient-providing bacterium established by microbe–microbe interactions.

Small molecule inhibitors of gut microbial choline trimethylamine lyase activity protect against obesity.

Both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria can use their sheathed flagella during host colonization as a novel toxin-/signal-delivery mechanism.

A network of the gut chemical landscape predicts microbe-mediated biotransformation of foods and drugs and supports the generation of mechanistic hypotheses of microbiome metabolic phenotypes that shape human biology.

The gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine (TMA) is elevated in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and inhibition of the gut microbial enzymes that produce TMA may serve as a tractable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ethanol-induced liver injury.

Domestication of endosymbiotic Mollicutes may have resolved nitrogen-recycling challenges for attine ants and enabled the evolutionary derived leaf-cutting ants to fully exploit their herbivorous niches.

Interactions between fungal and bacterial microbiome members alter Drosophila melanogaster's chemical environment, affecting host behavior and survival.

Ecological associations among gut bacteria are largely consistent across hosts in a population of wild baboons.

An innovative strategy in genome analysis has generated a detailed description of how pathogens mutate when facing human genetic diversity.

The gut microbiota of East Asians is distinct, dissociated from body mass, and self-sustains compared to White subjects from the same region, and therein may underpin a key health disparity.