Preventing premature interactions between microtubules and protein-based structures called kinetochores ensures that chromosomes are segregated by meiosis rather than mitosis in reproductive cells.
Chemical inhibition of Bub1 shows that the catalytic activity is not required for normal mitotic progression, but it makes chromosome segregation and cell proliferation more sensitive to the effects of the anti-cancer drug Paclitaxel.
The specification of cell polarity is essential for self-renewal and the segregation of stem-cell and daughter-cell fates in an epithelial stem cell lineage.
Coordination between crossover designation and synaptonemal complex disassembly is executed via a conserved MAP kinase pathway and is critical for accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis.
Meiotic chromosome segregation in mature Drosophila oocytes is sensitive to prolonged quiescence, suggesting that human oocyte instability may result from storage of mature rather than primordial oocytes and be modifiable.
The equilibrium between solubility and aggregation of proteins in the nucleus is controlled by co-aggregates like RNA and the action of ATP as both an energy source and a destabilizing chemical agent.
Condensation and segregation of chromosomes during mitosis is caused by a combination of short-range interactions between nucleosomes and the long-range contraction of chromosome arms mediated by condensin.
