Condensation and segregation of chromosomes during mitosis is caused by a combination of short-range interactions between nucleosomes and the long-range contraction of chromosome arms mediated by condensin.
Chromosome segregation in male spermatocytes exhibits anaphase A without shortening of autosome-associated microtubules and partitioning of an unpaired X chromosome that is initiated by an imbalance of attached kinetochore microtubules.
The chromosomal passenger complex interacts with the inner kinetochore COMA complex through the Ctf19 C-terminus in vitro which is shown to be important for mediating accurate chromosome segregation.
Inactivation of the master mitotic checkpoint regulator Mps1 by protein phosphatase 1 is required for timely segregation of the genetic material during cell division.
A quorum-sensing-controlled program of multicellularity, aggregation, is identified in Vibrio cholerae, which may be important for transitions between the marine niche and the human host.
Comparing maize to its wild ancestor teosinte advances our understanding of how it and other cereal crops evolved, and also identifies the genetic variation that can contribute to important agricultural traits.
Advances in techniques for analysing single cells and tissues have inspired an international effort to create comprehensive reference maps of all human cells - the fundamental units of life - as a basis for both understanding human health and diagnosing, monitoring and treating disease.
