XIAP/TRIP-Br1-mediated degradation of multiple adenylyl cyclase isoforms is a previously unrecognised general mechanism for controlling adenylyl cyclase expression and the homeostasis of cAMP signalling.
To protect the germ line genome, chickens acquire new small RNA-based immune defense in response to recently endogenized retroviruses by turning a truncated provirus into a weapon.
New modelling, statistics, and experiments show that cellular populations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) evolve during development according to solvable stochastic dynamics involving binomial partitioning and random turnover, facilitating a predictive and quantitative theory of the mtDNA bottleneck.
Construction of a first atomic model for an intact bacterial ATP synthase allows for a structural understanding of the roles of individual amino acids in the mechanism of ATP synthesis.
Plasmodium parasite transcription shifts dramatically along asexual development, and transmission stages variably express important immune evasion genes, suggesting much interesting biology has until now been hidden by bulk analyses.
Building on previous work (Momeni et al., 2013), it is shown that recognizing the hierarchical organization of biological systems resolves the ongoing controversy on pro-cooperation mechanisms.
3-10 weeks old adult-born granule cells provide two temporally overlapping but functionally distinct neuronal cell populations by being sensitive to distinct aspects of their inputs.
