PRDM9 is widely conserved across vertebrates yet has been lost numerous times, as has its role in directing meiotic recombination.

A rigorous and transparent evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for sepsis suggests it may be efficacious, although the strength of these findings is tempered by threats to validity in the studies that were included.

The diversification of hand bones in mammals was much more dynamic than those of the proximal and intermediate forearm, involving higher morphological diversity, stronger integration, and greater evolutionary lability at distal structures.

In-silico modeling of gene and protein emergence reveals how colony-stimulating factors contributed to the evolution and functional adaptions observed in mammalian neutrophils.