Understanding metabolic interactions and successive cross-feeding in native microbiomes illuminates the mechanisms behind plant disease promotion and suppression, enhancing our ability to manipulate microbiomes toward specific functions of interest.

Hypobaric hypoxia exposure initiates splenic ferroptosis, reducing red pulp macrophages and exacerbating high-altitude polycythemia by impairing erythrophagocytosis and increasing red blood cell retention.

Functional divergence of caspase 3 and 7 in vertebrate is mediated by key residue mutation.

Malaria parasites avoid destruction by their host's immune response through systematic and coordinated expression switching between members of a network of variant antigen-encoding genes, a process that is mediated by a uniquely conserved gene called var2csa.

Mountain gorillas, who live in close-knit social groups with siblings and non-siblings of both sexes throughout their lives, show distinct behavioral biases towards maternal versus paternal kin.

In wild bonobos, sibling birth induced a sudden increase in urinary cortisol levels in the older offspring, a physiological response that occurred in all subjects and was independent of their age.

Newly recovered lumbar vertebrae belonging to Malapa Hominin 2, an adult female of the fossil hominin species Australopithecus sediba, demonstrate that this individual was adapted to upright posture and bipedal locomotion but also had adaptations for climbing in trees.