Physiological differentiation during symbiosis leads to division of labor between smaller and larger cells in an uncultured bacterial tubeworm symbiont population and results in remarkable metabolic diversity and complexity.
The genome of Thermovibrio ammonificans encodes ancestral pathways (e.g., hydrogen oxidation) and more recently acquired ones (e.g., nitrate reduction) and a hybrid pathway for CO2 fixation.
Exosomes from cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance the "Warburg effect" in tumors and contain de novo metabolites that can contribute to the entire compendia of central carbon metabolism within cancer cells.
Exploratory growth is a newly discovered mode of Streptomyces growth that it is stimulated by fungi, is pH responsive, and can be communicated to other – physically separated – streptomycetes through airborne compounds.
In the context of an organism's ecology, physiology, and macroevolutionary history, inheritance and gene loss can yield emergent patterns of trait variability that give the appearance of gene acquisition.
Trypanosoma cruzi intracellular amastigotes exhibit rapid resistance to azoles, independent of genetic selection, which is dependent on metabolic state and mechanistically distinct from latency.
