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METTL18 methylates histidine 245 of ribosomal protein RPL3, retards ribosome traversal at tyrosine codons, and thus ensures nascent protein folding for proteostasis maintenance.

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD3 (NP_115609.2) was identified as the actin-specific histidine N-methyltransferase, an enzyme catalyzing the extremely well-conserved methylation of H73 in β-actin.

Mutations elsewhere in the genome play critical roles in improving fitness during amplification and divergence of a gene encoding a weak-link enzyme whose inefficiency limits growth rate.

Alkylation stress modify mRNAs and results in translation arrest, which activates the ribosome-rescue pathway of trans translation in bacteria.

Directed evolution of the resistance enzyme Cfr under antibiotic selection identifies increased Cfr expression and stability as strategies to boost resistance and reveals that Cfr modification of the ribosome confers resistance by sterically occluding binding of antibiotics.

Physiological differentiation during symbiosis leads to division of labor between smaller and larger cells in an uncultured bacterial tubeworm symbiont population and results in remarkable metabolic diversity and complexity.

The genome of Thermovibrio ammonificans encodes ancestral pathways (e.g., hydrogen oxidation) and more recently acquired ones (e.g., nitrate reduction) and a hybrid pathway for CO₂ fixation.

The antibiotic viomycin induces errors during initial codon selection by the ribosome by locking the monitoring bases in their active conformation.

A Internal Ribosomal Entry Site RNA has been visualised by high resolution cryoEM, trapped in the ribosome in an intermediate state of translocation.