Rodent model of context-dependent discrimination reveals sex-biased tradeoff between speed of acquisition and robustness of contextual control over cue-elicited reward seeking, linked to orbitofrontal cortex activation.

Stimuli signaling reward availability potentiate and control relapse for up to 300 days of abstinence following cocaine, but not food, self-administration in rats.

Recordings in freely-moving rats show that hippocampal dorsal CA1 pyramidal cells signal only spatial information, even in a non-spatial task such as trace eyeblink conditioning.

In human neuroimaging, the intra-class effect decomposition (ICED) framework indexes overall reliability, and enables researchers to identify and quantify multi-source contributions to measurement error with the goal of developing more reliable measures.

fMRI evidence for off-task replay predicts subsequent replanning behavior in humans, suggesting that learning from simulated experience during replay helps update past policies in reinforcement learning.

Artificial evolution discovers biophysically plausible plasticity rules for spiking networks that perform competitively with and even outperform labor-intensive human-designed models in various learning scenarios, while providing new views on experimental data.

Tropical land use makes most soil animal groups shift to 'fast' energy channel and restructures soil food web at community level, but this change is buffered by earthworms at ecosystem (energetic) level.

Human blood contains T cell-monocyte complexes which are not technical artefacts but reflect true in vivo immune cell interactions.

NRF2 is the mechanism through which oxidative signals directly input into the circadian clockwork to link metabolism and timekeeping in Mus musculus.