Variations in the frequency of theta brain waves enable a single network of brain regions to generate appropriate responses to stimuli with different kinds of emotional value.

Sensory neurons in the olfactory system develop from two different regions of the ectoderm, the olfactory placode and the cranial neural crest, whereas sensory neurons within the eye and ear develop from just one region.

Cranial endocasts of fossil and extant lungfish, analysed via tomography and novel principle component analyses designed for use with missing data, show that lungfish forebrain and inner ear regions show the most variation in brain shape evolution through time.

The cell surface receptor LRP4, long recognized for postsynaptic functions, also plays a role as a presynaptic determinant of synapse formation by functioning through a downstream kinase pathway.

Laminin gamma1-dependent basement membranes are required for multiple aspects of olfactory system development in zebrafish, including the maintenance of placode tissue shape and the growth of the olfactory axons.

Semiochemicals activate a subpopulation of sexually dimorphic olfactory sensory neurons.

The complete neural circuit map of a tractable olfactory system will support studies towards bridging the gap between circuits and behavior.

A genome-organizing protein that is present only in the olfactory system of mice has been found to orchestrate changes in the relative numbers of different odor-sensing neurons on the basis of how active these neurons are.

A combination of electrophysiological and optogenetic approaches revealed a causal role for glutamatergic neurons in the prelimbic cortex in regulating individual differences in decision-making strategies during a threat-avoidance vs. reward-approach conflict paradigm in rats.