The rhythmic patterns of activity that underlie breathing are generated and coordinated by distinct populations of neurons within the brainstem.

Smurf1 and Smurf2 have essential functions in the mammalian Shh signaling pathway, binding to and ubiquitylating Patched1, leading to its endocytosis and subsequent degradation in lysosomes.

A mathematical model built around the assumption that the desire to maintain internal homeostasis drives the behavior of animals, by affecting their learning processes, can explain many real-world behaviors, including some that might otherwise appear irrational.

Systematic analysis of a broad spectrum of behavioral and physiological traits reveals novel relationships among complex traits, and resolves their underlying combination of genetic loci and molecular mechanisms.

The discovery that opioid neuropeptide neuronal signaling controls feeding behavior in a genetically tractable invertebrate model may help unravel the mechanisms of appetite control in humans.

Experiments examining the actions of morphine on single neurons from one of the brain's reward centers, the VTA, reveal the mechanism by which the drug exerts its hedonic effects.

The mechanism of signaling receptor delivery to primary cilia involves a specific cellular role of a Rab protein that is critical for vertebrate development.

Dopamine neurons projecting to different targets receive a similar set of inputs, rather than forming reciprocal connections, whereas those projecting to the posterior striatum receive a distinct set of inputs.

Hippocampome.org is an online resource that provides free human- and machine-readable access to the comprehensive property-based classification of hippocampal neurons from 14,000 pieces of published experimental evidence.

Comprehensive gene profiling of the hypothalamic hypocretin neurons, high resolution imaging and behavioral assays have revealed the molecular signature of these versatile neurons and identified a potassium channel that is required for nighttime sleep.