Apicomplexan-like parasites originated several times independently and many of them contain cryptic plastid organelles, which demonstrate that the parasites evolved from photosynthetic algae.

Horizontal transfer of a sequence-specific DNA-binding domain allows a virus to destroy its subviral parasite and overcome parasite-mediated restriction.

Phylogenetic analyses of the four core virion proteins support a new evolutionary model for the origin of the main groups of eukaryotic viruses in the kingdom Bamfordvirae.

A field study coupled with a molecular analysis demonstrates that using hematophagous flies as 'flying syringes' could be used to investigate blood-borne pathogen diversity in wild vertebrates and act as an early detection tool of zoonotic pathogens.

The switch from ubiquinone to rhodoquinone synthesis that is required for parasitic helminths to survive in anaerobic host tissues is due to alternative splicing of polyprenyltransferase COQ-2.

Distinct stem cell populations drive larval, somatic, and germline development of the human parasitic flatworm, Schistosoma mansoni.

Parasitic lineages of Rozellomycota are shaped by repeated and independent gene losses.

Multimodal signals may evolve from unimodal one via co-option of primary signal components and associated cues that serve as by-products.

Beneficial symbiotic bacteria encode an exceptional number of toxin-related genes that are all expressed by the symbionts in the host, supporting their key role in host-microbe interactions.

In an in vitro RNA replication system, an RNA spontaneously diversifies and continuously evolves through coevolution with parasitic entities.