Collective responses of animals are generally controlled by complex biological mechanisms and in Caenorhabditis eleganscollective dynamics are purely controlled by physical parameters such as oxygen penetration and bacterial diffusion.

A mathematical modelling approach to understanding zebrafish stripe pattern formation exemplifies a biological rule-set sufficient to generate wild-type and a diverse range of mutant patterns.

Mechanical interactions between bacterial species with different motility characteristics play an important role in spatial-temporal dynamics of multi-species bacterial colonies and can lead to formation of complex patterns.

SHH signaling acts through FOXF1/2 transcription factors and antagonizes BMP signaling to specify oral fate and pattern the oral-aboral axis of the mandibular arch to ensure proper formation of jaws.

The changes in shape of iridophores that underlie adult colour pattern formation in zebrafish depend on the levels of Tight Junction Protein 1a in these cells.

Cell fates endowed by higher Bicoid concentration require input for longer duration, demonstrating a temporally non-linear morphogen-mediated pattern formation.

Theoretical analysis and in vitro reconstitution of a biological reaction-diffusion system identify key functional motifs as well as underlying principles and enable rebuilding pattern formation in a modular fashion.

Transient cell-cell contact of eukaryotic cells, called contact following locomotion, causes cell density segregation, and its high-density region traveled as a band within the disordered background.

Melanophores and xanthophores interact via heteromeric gap junctions composed of Connexin 41.8 and Connexin 39.4 to establish the adult pigment pattern in zebrafish.

Plexin controls the spatial distribution of synapses by locally inhibiting Rap2 small GTPase activity along the axon, and a Rap2 effector, TNIK, which also plays a key role in inhibiting synapse number.