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    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Directed evolution of the rRNA methylating enzyme Cfr reveals molecular basis of antibiotic resistance

    Kaitlyn Tsai, Vanja Stojković ... Danica Galonić Fujimori
    Directed evolution of the resistance enzyme Cfr under antibiotic selection identifies increased Cfr expression and stability as strategies to boost resistance and reveals that Cfr modification of the ribosome confers resistance by sterically occluding binding of antibiotics.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Visualizing formation of the active site in the mitochondrial ribosome

    Viswanathan Chandrasekaran, Nirupa Desai ... V Ramakrishnan
    GTPBP7, NSUN4, and MTERF4 facilitate maturation of the peptidyl transferase center of the mitochondrial ribosome.
    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    The final step of 40S ribosomal subunit maturation is controlled by a dual key lock

    Laura Plassart, Ramtin Shayan ... Celia Plisson-Chastang
    Cryo-EM and functional studies reveal how combined action of proteins RPS26/eS26 and RIO1 allows late precursors to the human small ribosomal particle to be matured into fully translation-competent 40S subunits.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Residue-by-residue analysis of cotranslational membrane protein integration in vivo

    Felix Nicolaus, Ane Metola ... Gunnar von Heijne
    The cotranslational membrane integration of three multispanning Escherichia coli inner membrane proteins is followed using force profile analysis, uncovering unexpected complexities in the membrane integration process.
    1. Cell Biology

    Quantitative glycoproteomics reveals cellular substrate selectivity of the ER protein quality control sensors UGGT1 and UGGT2

    Benjamin M Adams, Nathan P Canniff ... Daniel N Hebert
    Natural substrates of the central endoplasmic reticulum quality control glycoprotein sensors UDP-glucose:glycoproteinglucosyltransferase (UGGT)1 and UGGT2 were identified using a glycoproteomics approach and the role for their modification was explored.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    The ribosomal RNA m5C methyltransferase NSUN-1 modulates healthspan and oogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Clemens Heissenberger, Jarod A Rollins ... Markus Schosserer
    In nematode worms, NSUN-1 methylates ribosomal RNA and influences phenotypes related to aging, stress resistance, germ line development, and cuticle integrity by regulating translation of specific mRNAs.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Gradual compaction of the nascent peptide during cotranslational folding on the ribosome

    Marija Liutkute, Manisankar Maiti ... Marina V Rodnina
    HemK NTD cotranslational folding starts within the ribosome exit tunnel upon N-terminal helix synthesis and proceeds sequentially through a series of intermediates becoming less dynamic as the nascent chain grows.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structure of the bacterial ribosome at 2 Å resolution

    Zoe L Watson, Fred R Ward ... Jamie HD Cate
    High-resolution maps and models of the bacterial ribosome provide new chemical insights into protein synthesis, and should enable the development of robust tools for cryo-EM structure modeling and refinement.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Genome-wide effects of the antimicrobial peptide apidaecin on translation termination in bacteria

    Kyle Mangano, Tanja Florin ... Nora Vázquez-Laslop
    Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by an antimicrobial peptide apidaecin triggers translation arrest at the stop codons, ribosome queuing and pervasive stop codon readthrough.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Puromycin reactivity does not accurately localize translation at the subcellular level

    Syed Usman Enam, Boris Zinshteyn ... Rachel Green
    Methods that use puromycin to localize active translation do not actually detect the site of translation.