Predicting multivariate phenotypic evolution.

Transposable elements and gene amplifications can provide variation needed for novel trait refinement and adaptation to new niches, though a recalcitrant organism-environment mismatch may persist.

Experimental evolution shows that when selection acts on two traits constrained by a trade-off, the direction of phenotypic evolution depends on the environment.

A broad mutational target is the cause of the high mutational variance and corresponding fast phenotypic evolutionary rate in P3.p cell fate in Caenorhabditis nematodes.

Experimentally evolved yeast populations increase in fitness predictably but do not divide into coexisting lineages or dramatically increase their mutation rates after 10,000 generations.

Astyanax mexicanus surface-dwelling fish exposed to complete darkness develop many traits resembling cavefish adaptations by phenotypic plasticity in a single generation.

Metabolomic analysis shows how genome-wide changes in gene expression propagate to and affect the metabolomes of an organism during adaptation.

The transcription networks controlling biofilm formation in Candida species exhibit 'structural' similarities, but show gradual substitutions of transcription regulators and frequent changes in target genes.

Drug-resistance declines in the laboratory in an antibiotic stress-free environment, indicating that restricting antimicrobial usage in the clinics could be a useful policy.

Experiments on mice have shown that developmental processes are influencing the generation of phenotypic variation in a way that shapes evolution.