A computational method identifies the functions of orphan enzymes by organizing them into metabolic pathways; the prediction of a new l-gulonate catabolic pathway is experimentally tested and confirmed.

Correlated mutation analysis using a combination of amino acid and codon sequence alignments improves predictions of amino acid residue contacts in proteins.

Many experimentally identified microRNA-binding sites are ineffective at mediating repression, and an improved quantitative model for predicting the effective sites is as informative as high-throughput experimental approaches.

Pain processing in certain brain regions implements predictive coding principles, offering a novel perspective on the neural basis of pain perception.

The anticipation of rewards turns out to have its own hedonic value, on top of that of the reward itself; a wide range of behavioral and neurophysiological data suggest that this anticipation is boosted by prediction errors.

A new type of implicit effects on one's actions induced by prediction errors during action observation is discovered.

Activity in the midbrain responds to unexpected changes in outcome identity (i.e. sensory prediction error) but does not scale with perceptual distance between expected and receipt reward.

The prediction of specific words is associated with distinct spatial and temporal patterns of neural activity within the left inferior and medial temporal regions before the predicted word is presented.

Prediction of future input explains diverse neural tuning properties in sensory cortex.

The novel neural marker for the integration of top-down predictions and bottom-up signals in perception elucidates uncertainty in perceptual inference and provides evidence for the predictive coding account of perception.