A computational method identifies the functions of orphan enzymes by organizing them into metabolic pathways; the prediction of a new l-gulonate catabolic pathway is experimentally tested and confirmed.

Correlated mutation analysis using a combination of amino acid and codon sequence alignments improves predictions of amino acid residue contacts in proteins.

Many experimentally identified microRNA-binding sites are ineffective at mediating repression, and an improved quantitative model for predicting the effective sites is as informative as high-throughput experimental approaches.

A new type of implicit effects on one's actions induced by prediction errors during action observation is discovered.

The anticipation of rewards turns out to have its own hedonic value, on top of that of the reward itself; a wide range of behavioral and neurophysiological data suggest that this anticipation is boosted by prediction errors.

Pain processing in certain brain regions implements predictive coding principles, offering a novel perspective on the neural basis of pain perception.

The novel neural marker for the integration of top-down predictions and bottom-up signals in perception elucidates uncertainty in perceptual inference and provides evidence for the predictive coding account of perception.

Why does the human regulatory system, which evolution tuned for small satisfactions, now constantly demand 'more'?

Visual neurons in the dragonfly predict the path of a moving target, even when it is occluded or crosses from one eye to the other.

Midbrain dopamine neurons in rats signal discrepancies between predicted and actual rewards, regardless of whether the rewards are predicted on the basis of experience or inference.