The common ancestor of extant mammalian coronaviruses originated recently in a bat species and their diversification occurred via preferential host switches rather than through codiversification with mammals.

Parasite variants associated with severe malaria do not have an intrinsic growth or survival advantage in vivo, which indicates that a change in host environment is required for their selection.

During host shut-off caused by the Influenza A virus, cellular genes that play important housekeeping roles for the virus are still efficiently translated.

Malaria parasites avoid destruction by their host's immune response through systematic and coordinated expression switching between members of a network of variant antigen-encoding genes, a process that is mediated by a uniquely conserved gene called var2csa.

Activated Drosophila macrophages undergo transient metabolic remodeling towards Hypoxia inducible factor 1 α-driven aerobic glycolysis, a program that induces systemic metabolic changes and is crucial for resistance to infection.

Bridged H-NS filaments inhibit transcript elongation by bacterial RNA polymerase by enhancing backtracking and increasing Rho-dependent termination at a subset of pause sites that are normally poor Rho substrates.

A 'hotspot' position in an olfactory receptor protein family underlies changes in odor tuning in different receptors at different times during evolution.

Mating phenotypes are diverse in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the natural variation can impact the spread of wtf meiotic drivers.

A structure derived from cryogenic electron microscopy shows how ISG65, an African trypanosome receptor that aids virulence, binds C3b and suggests mechanisms through which ISG65 might aid complement resistance.