The rodent brain represents uncertainty associated with short-term predictions during naturalistic navigation tasks sequentially by sampling hypothetical future trajectories in every ~100 ms, corresponding to successive theta cycles.

During learning, human neural codes for experienced reward probability map onto the same mental number line for symbolic numbers.

Evidence for neuromodulatory control of flexibility in human neural models.

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex integrates concurrent externally and internally generated predictions of task demand to guide information processing, while the medial prefrontal cortex corrects its prediction error based on actual task demand.

Mathematical modeling suggests that grid cells in the rodent brain use fundamental principles of number theory to maximize the efficiency of spatial mapping, enabling animals to accurately encode their location with as few neurons as possible.

Representational similarity analysis of human functional magnetic resonance imaging data demonstrates that the lateral occipitotemporal cortex represents action knowledge along dimensions that are in accordance with behavioural judgements.

Structural representations of sentences generated by deep language models correlate with human listeners' behaviours and neural activity, providing a quantifiable framework to uncover the neural dynamics underpinning incremental speech comprehension.

When Rhesus monkeys plan reaching movements of which they are not fully confident, a particular area of the brain represents both the chosen action as well as alternate movements, perhaps as an aid for error correction or learning.

fMRI results show that despite arm amputation, and varying degrees of phantom sensations, canonical hand representation in primary somatosensory cortex is largely maintained.

Keeping flexible adaptable representations of speech categories at different time scales allows the brain to maintain stable perception in the face of varying speech sound characteristics.