The elongation rate of RNA Polymerase II varies greatly between and along genes, as this enzyme accelerates from stable pausing to rapid elongation within genes, and is influenced by CG-content, exons and chromatin.

The structural architecture of the 4-subunit, RNA-binding human negative elongation factor NELF is derived by a combination of X-ray crystallography and protein crosslinking.

TRIM28 was found to be a versatile dual-function latency contributor by bridging both suppressive epigenetic modifications and RNAP II transcriptional-pausing, and can be a novel target to develop latency-reversing agents.

We discuss the methods available to understand lncRNA function in vivo, and highlight important considerations that should be taken into account when designing such experiments.

Acute intermittent hypoxia is a noninvasive approach that enhances corticospinal function in humans, likely through alterations in corticospinal-motoneuronal synaptic transmission.

Fruit fly chromosomes are divided into discrete structural domains by regions of decompacted chromatin, suggesting a novel model for the formation of a known class of genetic elements.

SLC7A8 a neutral amino acid transporter has a key role in the maintenance of hearing during aging and its absence causes early onset of hearing loss.

Proteolysis of lipidated N-terminal peptides that tether Hedgehog morphogens to the surface of source cells is absolutely required for their coupled release and bioactivation in vivo in Drosophila melanogaster.

Adjunctive aspirin may reduce new brain infarcts and deaths in the first 60 days of treatment for HIV-uninfected adults with tuberculous meningitis.

Pedunculopontine neurons can evoke burst spiking in substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons without engaging a subtype of glutamate receptor previously thought to be necessary for this spiking mode.