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Protein biosynthesis and protein quality control jointly determine protein production costs.

The functional differences between actin isoforms have been explored through structural studies.

A comprehensive structural analysis of inhibitory murine antibody 3D11 binding to Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite protein reveals common mechanisms of antibody evolution in mammals against Plasmodium parasites.

Structural and biophysical characterization of NF-κB p52 in complex with closely related DNAs reveals the dynamic states of central base pair(s) have a strong influence on transcriptional activity of p52.

The transcriptional cofactor HPK-1 (homeodomain-interacting protein kinase) functions as a key regulator of multiple proteostatic stress responses, each originating from discrete neuronal subtypes within the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system to preserve neuronal health and maintain organismal proteostasis during normal aging.

The conformational mechanism of a transporter protein is found to have profound and energetically costly effects on the morphology of the surrounding membrane.

Kipferl, a ZAD zinc finger protein from Drosophila, determines the chromatin binding specificity of the heterochromatin protein variant Rhino, defining piRNA clusters and preventing Rhino sequestration by selfish Satellite repeats.

RNA degradation is completed through specific intermediates, such as diribonucleotides, which must be removed from the cells by a specific enzyme.

Intracellular protein gradients, which are formed by the combined action of cytoplasmic diffusion and cortical transport toward the cell pole, are solely determined by cell shape.

The Cryo-EM structural and biochemical analysis provides a framework for understanding the working mechanism of ALDP.