Bacterial CRISPR immunity tracks phage mutations, creating immune diversity in bacterial populations that parallels phage genetic diversity and patterns of phage evolution that are determined by the type and degree of immune cross-reactivity in the CRISPR system.

In zombie fruit flies, Entomophthora muscae-elicited summiting behavior is mediated by blood-borne factors and the host circadian-neurosecretory network.

Comprehensive mouse genetic analyses show, by having mTORC1 constitutively active, a RPC divides and exhausts mitotic capacity faster than neighboring RPCs, and thus produces retinal cells that degenerate with aging-related changes in the mature mouse retina.

Targeting senescent cells in human intervertebral discs, using senotherapeutics, provides a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or reduce disc degeneration and pain.

The foetal thymic T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is distinct from adult, and it is less governed by MHC-restriction, more closely encoded by genomic sequence with distinct gene-segment usage including 3’TRAV to 5’TRAJ.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses and functional studies define heterogeneity within the pancreatic ductal tree and unique properties of subpopulations of duct cells including an epithelial-mesenchymal transcriptomic axis and roles in chronic pancreatic inflammation.

Three-dimensional electron microscopy (3DEM) demonstrates the dependence on presynaptic mitochondria for vesicle mobilization as dendritic spines are silently added at P15 or synapses are silently enlarged in adults after long-term potentiation.

Muscle stem cells locally respond to perturbations of motor neurons and the neuromuscular junction.

Integrin- and ERK signaling stimulates mammary epithelial cell proliferation when extracellular collagen condenses, causing asymmetric growth of multicellular aggregates that is necessary for elongation during branching morphogenesis.

Analyses using His6-HA-SUMO1 and SUMO1 KO mice indicate that SUMO1 modification of synaptic proteins is either absent or cannot be detected in brain and cultured neurons.