There is a strand-based evolutionary mechanism for the diversification of outer membrane proteins, which has implications for how repeat proteins are created and for how outer membrane proteins fold.

Cryo-EM structures of 70S•RelA ribosome complexes reveal how cognate deacyl-tRNA activates RelA.

Serially remembered items are successively reactivated during memory maintenance in the human brain, and replay profiles, temporally compressed and reverse in order, are associated with recency effect in behavioral performance.

The combination of short-term and long-term plasticity enables hippocampus to learn goal-directed paths through replay in a reversed order.

What will happen where and when could be predicted by the sequential reactivation of place cells that occurs while an animal pauses, suggesting that the replay is linked to mental time travel.

fMRI evidence for off-task replay predicts subsequent replanning behavior in humans, suggesting that learning from simulated experience during replay helps update past policies in reinforcement learning.

An RNA-mediated mechanism that stabilizes association of the Suv39h enzymes at mouse heterochromatin is defined.

The learning rate for novel spatial environments in model networks of place cells is determined by the product of the window for plasticity and the auto-correlation of place-cell activity.

A genetic mutation that impairs autophagic flux leads to neurodegeneration and can cause ataxia and developmental delay in children.

A similar pattern of developmental synaptic refinement leads two consecutive synaptic relays to have the same organization suggesting that some general principle of neural organization is at play.