Thousands of novel open-reading frames (ORFs) are translated in the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including many short ORFs that are likely to contribute to cell fitness.
Biochemical and genome-wide analysis demonstrates that m1G37 is important for tRNA aminoacylation and for the entire elongation cycle of protein synthesis.
Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by an antimicrobial peptide apidaecin triggers translation arrest at the stop codons, ribosome queuing and pervasive stop codon readthrough.
E. coli ribosomes incapable of base-pairing with the Shine-Dalgarno sequence are still selective for annotated start sites, indicating these sites are hard-wired for initiation by other mRNA features.
