A principle from which the neuronal dynamics and synaptic plasticity in arbitrary network architectures can be inferred, so that output errors are online minimized while simultaneously processing sensory input streams.

Mesoderm-derived enteric neurons born in the post-natal vertebrates drive maturation and aging of the enteric nervous system.

Scalp electroencephalography combined with a frequency tagging method reveals that distinct responses to daily categories emerge at different ages in infants.

Different methods for inducing sleep in Drosophila flies may be promoting distinct sleep stages with different functions when brain activity and gene expression are compared.

The analytic theory establishes the general principles of synaptic transmission, enables extraction of microscopic parameters of synaptic fusion machinery from experiments, and links molecular constituents to synaptic function.

Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, a conserved vertebrate brain region important for sensorimotor integration, receive sensory and motor information from distinct input streams and are functionally clustered into modules reflecting the larval zebrafish's behavioral repertoire.

Sex-specific characteristics of the fruit fly courtship behavior are not specified by a single binary switch, but as a combination of traits that are modularly specified by separable genetic switches.

The Toll-like receptor 2-4 genetic modification goat improves effectively resistance against Staphylococcus aureus infection by enhancing autophagy level, and it provides a novel strategy for challenge of S. aureus-caused infections.

Mice doubly deficient for Naa10 and Naa12 display embryonic lethality, with both enzymes compensating for each other with amino-terminal acetylation of proteins in mouse development.