The water channel AQP4 contributes to a tonic water outflow from brain astrocytes, thereby modulating their volume dynamics and the ambient water homeostasis.

Microglia that presumably sense neuronal activity via detection of glutamate at synapses in the hippocampus show higher fine process motility and increased contact rates associated with formation and elimination of dendritic spines under conditions of elevated neuronal activity.

Induction of the fission of mitochondria-populating sensory axons is shown to be a novel biological action of neurotrophins.

Genome-wide integration of transcriptome, accessible chromatin, and DNA methylome data from vascular endothelial cells lays the foundation for understanding the gene regulatory circuits that generate organ-specific vascular specialization.

Cation-independent-mannose-6-phosphate-receptor, or insulin-like-growth-factor-2-receptor (CIM6P/IGF2R) expressed in the hippocampus controls the protein metabolism regulated by learning and required for memory consolidation, and is also a key mechanism for memory enhancement.

Contrary to previous findings, class A GPCRs share a common activation pathway that directly links ligand binding to G-protein activation, as revealed by novel quantitative analysis.

Genetic and chemical genetic analysis pinpoint defective epithelial cells as the driver for NPHP like phenotypes in Invs mutants, demonstrate genetic interaction between Invs and Ift88 and identify the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid as a suppressor for Invs mutant phenotypes.

An analysis of recent literature advances novel hypotheses and suggests new experimental approaches in order to build an integrated understanding of prefrontal neural architecture and behavioral repertoires during development.