Genetic variations that underlie common autoimmune disease genes are predominantly regulatory and modify the expression of multiple genes within the HLA gene complex and throughout the immune system.

Genetic predisposition to uterine leiomyomas arises from variation at loci for genetic stability and genitourinary development, and in part explains the frequent occurrence of the condition in women with African origin.

Gnotobiotic and conventional mouse models of the IBD ATG16L1T300A SNP reveal gene-microbiota-immune interactions.

Increasing levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency are associated with decreasing risk of cerebral malaria, but with increased risk of severe malarial anaemia.

Natural variation for an adaptively important life history trait is largely due to variation at a single, major-effect locus with multiple alleles, demonstrating that not all complex traits are massively polygenic.

Transcriptome analysis of mouse brain revealed that the APOE4 allele and sex can alter air pollution neurotoxicity in adults.

Lipid efflux by the retinal pigment epithelium is crucial for proper retinal integrity and function, and its impairment may contribute to diseases like age-related macular degeneration.

Common kidney disease risk variants in African populations are associated with reduced susceptibility to deadly African trypanosomes.

The Mediterranean variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency confers a strong gene-dose proportional protective effect against symptomatic Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Pashtun ethnic group.

A wild tomato species adopts local fruit color via introgression from an endemic relative, during its invasion onto the Galápagos Islands.