Mycobacterium tuberculosis penetrates the airway mucosa through M cells via the mycobacterial virulence factor EsxA and the host M cell surface receptor scavenger receptor B1.
The scavenger receptor MARCO and liver phagocytes are required for clearance of circulating alphavirus particles and thereby limit viremia and viral dissemination.
Host CD81 and Scavenger Receptor BI operate independently to mediate invasion of hepatocytes by different species of Plasmodium sporozoites, which use the parasite protein P36 as a key determinant of the entry route.
Prion-like transfer of mutant huntingtin aggregates from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons is enhanced by neuronal silencing and requires passage through the cytoplasm of Draper-expressing phagocytic glia in adult Drosophila brains.
D-serine has a major role in the regulation of NMDA receptors not only contributing to its activation as the receptors co-agonist, but also by regulating specifically GluN2B-NMDA receptor trafficking and synaptic content at developing hippocampal synapses.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TrkB.T1 signaling contributes to astrocyte morphological maturation, with implications for neuronal synaptogenesis and function and astrocyte functional maturation.
In mouse models of Huntington's disease, the subthalamic nucleus, which suppresses movements, also exhibits impaired glutamate homeostasis, NMDA receptor-dependent mitochondrial oxidant stress, firing disruption, and 30% neuronal loss.
Enteroendocrine cells sense nutrients in the gut and regulate digestive physiology but are rendered insensitive following fat ingestion due to alteration of gut microbiota.
