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A proposed model of optimal inference under cognitive costs accounts for human sequential effects, including subtle patterns of attractive and repulsive influence of past observations, in a binary prediction task across a wide range of stimulus conditions.

Removal of mitochondrial introns (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) from their host genes leads to detrimental increase in their transcript levels.

When all features of conflicting sensory input are task-irrelevant, the brain can still process its sensory information, whereas conflict detection requires that minimally one stimulus feature is task-relevant or associated with a response.

An analysis of the first complete synaptic resolution connectome of Drosophila's navigation circuit uncovers neural network motifs supporting broadly relevant sensorimotor computations.

Graph analysis revealed that spontaneous fluctuations of episodic-memory encoding performance associate with time-varying brain connectivity networks.

Neuronal recordings from rat visual cortex reveal an object-processing pathway, along which neuronal representations become increasingly capable of supporting recognition of visual objects in spite of variation in their appearance.

Hippocampal BOLD activity reflects behavioral performance and feedback in a fast-paced timing task, supporting the formation of task-specific yet flexible and generalizable sensorimotor representations in real time.

The coactivity of cortical neurons in associative learning recruits them as associative memory cells based on their synapse interconnections by neuroligin-3-mediated synapse formation, which endorses the first order and the second order of associative memory.

Discrepancies between functional responses measured with electrophysiology and calcium imaging can be largely reconciled by considering the spike-to-calcium transfer function, neuronal sampling bias, and cluster merging artifacts during spike sorting.

Animals’ tool-handling behaviour can be used to make inferences about the value they ascribe to different tool types, unlocking considerable research potential for observational and experimental studies across diverse species.