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    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Mitochondrial protein import clogging as a mechanism of disease

    Liam P Coyne, Xiaowen Wang ... Xin Jie Chen
    Missense mutations in the nuclear-encoded adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (Ant1) cause the protein to clog the mitochondrial protein import pathway, to severely inhibit cell growth in yeast, and to cause neurodegeneration and myopathy in mice that phenocopy ANT1-induced human disease.
    1. Neuroscience

    Tracking multiple conformations occurring on angstrom-and-millisecond scales in single amino-acid-transporter molecules

    Yufeng Zhou, John H Lewis, Zhe Lu
    The present fluorescence polarization microscopy method enables the determination of the spatial orientations and lifetimes of a transporter protein in individual conformational states required for understanding the complex conformational mechanism underlying its function, applicable to investigation of other membrane proteins.
    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Transcriptome maps of general eukaryotic RNA degradation factors

    Salma Sohrabi-Jahromi, Katharina B Hofmann ... Patrick Cramer
    Mapping of 30 general RNA degradation factors onto the yeast transcriptome provides the global distribution of factors for RNA turnover and surveillance in a eukaryotic cell.
    1. Neuroscience

    Glia control experience-dependent plasticity in an olfactory critical period

    Hans C Leier, Alexander J Foden ... Heather T Broihier
    A Drosophila olfactory circuit exhibits experience-dependent glial pruning during a well-defined critical period, with long-term consequences for odor processing.
    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Noncoding RNA-nucleated heterochromatin spreading is intrinsically labile and requires accessory elements for epigenetic stability

    R A Greenstein, Stephen K Jones ... Bassem Al-Sady
    Heterochromatin spreading in fission yeast predominantly produces intergenerationally unstable outcomes, requiring an accessory element that represses histone turnover.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Memory CD4 T cell subsets are kinetically heterogeneous and replenished from naive T cells at high levels

    Graeme Gossel, Thea Hogan ... Andrew J Yates
    The maintenance of memory CD4 T cells in mice relies on a continual and strikingly high level of replenishment from naive precursors, and older memory T cells may resist the influx of newer ones.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Codon optimization underpins generalist parasitism in fungi

    Thomas Badet, Remi Peyraud ... Sylvain Raffaele
    Codon optimization through biased synonymous substitutions is a characteristic feature of the genomes of generalist fungal parasites and is associated with the colonization of multiple hosts.
    1. Neuroscience

    TIR-1/SARM1 inhibits axon regeneration and promotes axon degeneration

    Victoria L Czech, Lauren C O'Connor ... Alexandra B Byrne
    TIR-1 regulates both repair and destruction on either side of an injury axon.
    1. Cell Biology

    Quantitative regulation of the dynamic steady state of actin networks

    Angelika Manhart, Téa Aleksandra Icheva ... Alex Mogilner
    Cells are able to control the actin network length and steering by adjusting geometric, structural, or biochemical parameters such as ADF/Cofilin and actin concentrations, and network width.
    1. Neuroscience

    Flexible specificity of memory in Drosophila depends on a comparison between choices

    Mehrab N Modi, Adithya E Rajagopalan ... Glenn C Turner
    Flies can optimally recall a memory with high specificity by comparing options close in time, or default to generalization when they cannot.