The coactivity of cortical neurons in associative learning recruits them as associative memory cells based on their synapse interconnections by neuroligin-3-mediated synapse formation, which endorses the first order and the second order of associative memory.

A slow and stable memory unit instructs fast and transient units by activating dopaminergic neurons via an excitatory hub interneuron connecting those units during second-order conditioning in Drosophila.

The organization of olfactory projection neurons and their synaptic connectivity with third-order neurons studied along with olfactory responses suggest that the labeled-line design is partially at work in the Drosophila olfactory system.

Two-photon functional imaging linked to olfactory preference in Drosophila provides the first understanding of how odors are integrated, transformed, and represented in the lateral horn by an ensemble of higher-order glutamatergic lateral horn neurons.

Preconditioned cues provide information about an associative model but do not, by default, trigger representations of value, either model-based or model-free.

Brian 2 is a software package for neural simulations that makes it both easy and computationally efficient to define original models for computational experiment.

Neuronal activity in the primate orbitofrontal cortex reveals different choice biases observed when offers are presented sequentially originate at different stages of the decision process.

Anatomical, behavioral and physiological evidence suggests that the aPN1-vPN1-pC1 pathway serves as a labeled line for the processing and transformation of courtship song in male Drosophila.

Functional MRI measurements of orientation reflect coarse-scale biases that are wholly determined by second-order interactions between the stimulus aperture and the underlying orientation.